Israel\u2019s Supreme Court has started hearing petitions against a new law making it harder to declare a prime minister unfit for office. <\/p>\n
Eleven of the 15 Supreme Court judges were hearing Thursday\u2019s arguments. Within two months, the court would have heard arguments on three cases that challenge laws passed by the Benjamin Netanyahu government this year. <\/p>\n
Thursday\u2019s petition, however, affects Netanyahu most personally. <\/p>\n
The law states that only the prime minister himself or the cabinet, with a two-thirds majority, can declare the leader unfit, and only \u201cdue to physical or mental incapacity.\u201d The cabinet vote would then need to be ratified by a two-thirds majority in the parliament, known as the Knesset. The amendment is a change to one of Israel\u2019s Basic Laws, the closest thing the country has to a constitution. <\/p>\n
The amendment was passed before legislation started on a judicial overhaul package, pushed by Netanyahu\u2019s right-wing government, that has split the country and led to months of protests by those who argue that it chips away at Israel\u2019s democracy and weakens its judiciary. <\/p>\n
The petitioners in Thursday\u2019s hearing argue the amendment was passed solely for Netanyahu\u2019s benefit \u2013 he faces an ongoing corruption trial \u2013 making it a \u201cmisuse of constituent authority.\u201d That\u2019s one of the bases on which the Supreme Court can, in theory, strike down amendments to a Basic Law. However, the court has never struck down a Basic Law or an amendment to one. <\/p>\n
Yiktzhak Burt, a lawyer arguing on behalf of the Knesset, conceded to the Supreme Court Thursday that the law in question did benefit the prime minister personally, but insisted that the legislature had the power to pass it because it has a democratic mandate and that the court should not strike it down. He acknowledged that the law had flaws, but that they did not rise to such a level that it should be struck down. <\/p>\n
Supreme Court President Esther Hayut said on Thursday that the court was not discussing nullifying the law but postponing its application. <\/p>\n
Earlier this month, the Supreme Court heard arguments about another law, passed in July, that took away its ability to stop government actions justices rule to be \u201cunreasonable.\u201d It was also an amendment to a Basic Law. (The third petition is against Justice Minister Yariv Levin, who has refused to convene the committee that chooses judges, amid a dispute over its composition.) <\/p>\n
\u201c(We\u2019ve) never had so many hearings in the court so close together. This is a unique and unprecedented constitutional crisis,\u201d Fuchs said. <\/p>\n
Until this law was changed, there was no written legislation that dictated how a prime minister could be removed from office for being \u201cunfit\u201d to serve, although Fuchs said there was some precedent with case law that indicated the attorney general could make that ruling. <\/p>\n
\u201cI do believe we did have a flawed arrangement before. It was too vague. It demanded an amendment,\u201d Fuchs said. \u201cBut it\u2019s very clear that the motive for this law was totally personal.\u201d <\/p>\n
That\u2019s because there were petitions to declare Netanyahu unfit to serve because of his ongoing corruption trial. He is the first sitting Israeli prime minister to appear in court as a defendant, on trial for charges of fraud, breach of trust and bribery. He denies any wrongdoing. <\/p>\n
As part of a deal with the court to continue serving as prime minister despite his ongoing trial, Netanyahu in 2020 agreed to a conflict-of-interest declaration. <\/p>\n
The attorney general determined at the time that the declaration meant Netanyahu could not be involved in policy making that affects the judicial system \u2013 like the judicial overhaul. Certain aspects of the overhaul, Netanyahu\u2019s opponents have argued, could make it much easier for him to get out of the corruption trial. <\/p>\n
Earlier this year, when Justice Minister Levin announced the government\u2019s plans for a judicial overhaul, Netanyahu said his hands were tied and he couldn\u2019t get involved because of the conflict-of-interest declaration. <\/p>\n
But in March, hours after the amendment making it more difficult to declare a prime minister unfit for office was passed, Netanyahu announced he was getting involved. <\/p>\n
\u201cUntil today, my hands have been tied,\u201d the prime minister said at the time. \u201cWe have reached an absurd situation in which if I\u2019d intervened (in the judicial overhaul legislation) as my job required, I would have been declared unfit to serve \u2026 Tonight I inform you: Enough is enough. I will be involved.\u201d <\/p>\n
A preliminary hearing with three judges has already been held on this case. On Thursday, arguments were heard again, this time in front of 11 of the 15 Supreme Court justices. <\/p>\n
Normally the attorney general would put forward the government\u2019s case in a Supreme Court hearing, but AG Gali Bahrav-Miara did not. She agrees with petitioners that the amendment should not stand, as she did earlier this month during the hearing on the \u201creasonableness\u201d law. <\/p>\n
The justices could strike down the amendment, declaring that the parliament carried out a \u201cmisuse of constituent power,\u201d Fuchs said. That would be for passing legislation not for general purposes but for political purposes, to benefit a specific individual: Netanyahu. <\/p>\n
Fuchs noted that the timing of the bill \u2013 raised and passed within just a few weeks \u2013 and on the record comments made during the discussions of the bill in parliament made it clear the purpose of the law was to protect Netanyahu. <\/p>\n
The Supreme Court could also declare that the law \u201cis not active right now,\u201d and would only be active once the next parliament takes over. That could be a way out of a thorny constitutional situation. <\/p>\n
\u201cIt takes away most of the problem because once you decide it\u2019s only active next Knesset, it means it won\u2019t solve any personal problem for Netanyahu and it gives time for the Knesset to re-think the arrangement,\u201d Fuchs said. <\/p>\n
The court decision must be made no later than January 12, 2024, due to the retirements of judges hearing the case. <\/p>\n
The court must also decide by then on the petition against the law that struck down the court\u2019s ability to declare government actions \u201cunreasonable.\u201d That is considered a much bigger challenge, and one where, for the first time, all 15 of the current Supreme Court justices took the case. The ruling on that petition is expected to take longer than the one being heard on Thursday. <\/p>\n
Additionally, the Supreme Court is due to hear a challenge to the justice minister delaying convening the committee to select new Supreme Court justices. Netanyahu\u2019s government wishes to re-formulate how justices are selected in Israel to give politicians more sway. <\/p>\n
The committee was supposed to meet last week, but Levin postponed the meeting. <\/p>\n
\u201cIt\u2019s very important even though it is [an] administrative issue, not a petition against a basic law,\u201d Fuchs said of the challenge, since Levin could be ordered to follow a court ruling on an essential element of the judicial overhaul. <\/p>\n
\u201cThis is in the hands of the government because they can accept the decision. Even though (Netanyahu is) avoiding the question on whether he will abide by the decision, doesn\u2019t mean he won\u2019t,\u201d Fuchs said. <\/p>\n\n
Israel\u2019s Supreme Court has started hearing petitions against a new law making it harder to declare a prime minister unfit for office. Eleven of the 15 Supreme Court judges were hearing Thursday\u2019s arguments. Within two months, the court would have heard arguments on three cases that challenge laws passed by the Benjamin Netanyahu government this <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":9300,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-9299","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-world"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shareperformanceinsight.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9299","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shareperformanceinsight.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shareperformanceinsight.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shareperformanceinsight.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9299"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/shareperformanceinsight.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9299\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shareperformanceinsight.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9300"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shareperformanceinsight.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9299"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shareperformanceinsight.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9299"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shareperformanceinsight.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9299"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}